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Developing a new Zowe CLI plug-in

Last updated

: 8/31/2023|

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Developing a new Zowe CLI plug-in

Before you begin this tutorial, complete the Extending an existing plug-in tutorial.

Overview

The advantage of Zowe CLI and of the CLI approach in mainframe development is that it allows for combining different developer tools for new and interesting uses.

This tutorial demonstrates how to create a brand new Zowe CLI plug-in that uses Node.js to create a client-side API.

After following all the steps, you will have created a data set diff utility plug-in called Files Util Plug-in. This plug-in takes in any two data sets, or files, and returns a plain text output in the terminal showing how they differ. This tutorial will also show you how you can integrate your new plug-in with a third-party utility to make your output colorful and easier to read, as shown in the image at the bottom of this page.

If you are ready to create your own unique Zowe CLI plug-in, refer to the notes at the end of each tutorial step for guidance.

If you are interested in creating a credential manager plug-in, see the Zowe CLI secrets for kubernetes plug-in repository.

Setting up the new sample plug-in project

Download the sample plug-in source and delete the irrelevant content to set up your plug-in project.

Follow these steps:

Open a terminal and run the command mkdir zowe-tutorial.
Note: All the files created through this tutorial are saved in this tutorial directory.
Enter cd zowe-tutorial to change directory into your zowe-tutorial folder.
Download the source code zip file from the Zowe CLI sample plug-in repository.
In your File Explorer, extract the zip file to the zowe-tutorial folder.
Rename the zowe-cli-sample-plugin-master directory to files-util.
This is the project directory used throughout the rest of this tutorial.
Delete all content within the following folders:
- src/api
- src/cli
- docs folders
- __tests__/__system__/api
- __tests__/__system__/cli
- __tests__/api
- __tests__/cli
Return to your terminal and run cd files-util to enter the project directory.
Enter git init to set up a new Git repository.
Enter git add --all to stage (track) all files in the current directory with Git.
Enter git commit --message "Initial commit" to save a snapshot of the staged files in your repository.
Run npm install to install third-party dependencies defined in the package.json file of your Node.js project.
When successful, a progress bar displays. Once the plug-in is installed, a message displays the status of the packages in the node_modules directory.
Note: If vulnerabilities are found in any of the installed dependencies, refer to npm Docs for how to fix them.

To create a unique plug-in: Change the files-util directory to a name applicable for your project.

Updating `package.json`

Change the name property in the package.json file to the plug-in name.

Open the package.json file in a text editor and replace the name field with the following information:

  "name": "@zowe/files-util",

This tutorial uses @zowe/files-util as the tutorial plug-in name.

To create a unique plug-in: Replace @zowe/files-util with a unique plug-in name. This allows you to publish the plug-in under that name to the npm registry in the future. For information regarding npm scoping, see the npm documentation.

Adjusting Imperative CLI Framework configuration

Define json configurations for the plug-in to Imperative.

Change the src/imperative.ts file to contain the following configurations:

import { IImperativeConfig } from "@zowe/imperative";

const config: IImperativeConfig = {
    commandModuleGlobs: ["**/cli/*/*.definition!(.d).*s"],
    rootCommandDescription: "Files utility plugin for Zowe CLI",
    productDisplayName: "Files Util Plugin",
    name: "files-util"
};

export = config;

When successful, the src/imperative.ts file contains the new configurations.

To create a unique plug-in: Change the plug-in name, display name, and description according to your project.

Adding third-party packages

Install third-party packages as dependencies for the plug-in's client-side API.

Follow these steps:

Run npm install --save-exact diff to install the diff package (which includes methods for comparing text).
Run npm install --save-dev @types/diff to install the typescript type definitions for the diff package as a development dependency.
When successful, the diff and @types/diff packages are added to the dependency list in the package.json file.

To create a unique plug-in: Instead of the diff package, install the package(s) that are required for your API, if any.

Creating a Node.js client-side API

Create a client-side API that compares the contents of two data sets on the mainframe.

Follow these steps:

In the src/api directory, create a file named DataSetDiff.ts.

Copy and paste the following code into the DataSetDiff.ts file:

import { AbstractSession } from "@zowe/imperative";
import { Download, IDownloadOptions, IZosFilesResponse } from "@zowe/cli";
import * as diff from "diff";
import { readFileSync } from "fs";

export class DataSetDiff {

    public static async diff(session: AbstractSession, oldDataSet: string, newDataSet: string) {

        let error;
        let response: IZosFilesResponse;

        const options: IDownloadOptions = {
            extension: "dat",
        };

        try {
            response = await Download.dataSet(session, oldDataSet, options);
        } catch (err) {
            error = "oldDataSet: " + err;
            throw error;
        }

        try {
            response = await Download.dataSet(session, newDataSet, options);
        } catch (err) {
            error = "newDataSet: " + err;
            throw error;
        }

        const regex = /\.|\(/gi; // Replace . and ( with /
        const regex2 = /\)/gi;   // Replace ) with .

        // convert the old data set name to use as a path/file
        let file = oldDataSet.replace(regex, "/");
        file = file.replace(regex2, ".") + "dat";
        // Load the downloaded contents of 'oldDataSet'
        const oldContent = readFileSync(`${file}`).toString();

        // convert the new data set name to use as a path/file
        file = newDataSet.replace(regex, "/");
        file = file.replace(regex2, ".") + "dat";
        // Load the downloaded contents of 'oldDataSet'
        const newContent = readFileSync(`${file}`).toString();

        return diff.createTwoFilesPatch(oldDataSet, newDataSet, oldContent, newContent, "Old", "New");
    }
}

In the src directory, replace the contents of the index.ts file with the following code in order to make the API available for other developers to import:
```
export * from "./api/DataSetDiff";
```
When successful, the index.ts file contains the new code.

To create a unique plug-in: The file name and code in Step 2 may be entirely different if you want to implement an API to do something else.

Building your plug-in source

Confirm that your project builds successfully.

Follow these steps:

In the terminal, run npm run build to verify there are no errors.
This command builds your typescript files by looking at the configuration details in tsconfig.json and placing the output javascript files in the lib directory.
The lib directory is configurable by modifying this value in the tsconfig.json file.
Optional: If you come across linting errors, run npm run lint:fix to resolve the errors automatically.
When successful, no errors are returned and the lib directory contains the built javascript files.

To create a unique plug-in: Follow these same steps.

Creating a Zowe CLI command

Define the command that calls the client-side API.

Follow these steps:

In src/cli, create a folder named diff.
In the diff directory, create a file named Diff.definition.ts.

Copy and paste the following code into the Diff.definition.ts file:

import { ICommandDefinition } from "@zowe/imperative";
import { DataSetsDefinition } from "./data-sets/DataSets.definition";
const IssueDefinition: ICommandDefinition = {
    name: "diff",
    summary: "Diff two data sets content",
    description: "Uses open source diff packages to diff two data sets content",
    type: "group",
    children: [DataSetsDefinition]
};

export = IssueDefinition;

In the diff folder, create a folder named data-sets.
In the data-sets folder, create the following two files:
- DataSets.definition.ts
- DataSets.handler.ts

Copy and paste the following code into the DataSets.definition.ts file:

import { ICommandDefinition } from "@zowe/imperative";

export const DataSetsDefinition: ICommandDefinition = {
    name: "data-sets",
    aliases: ["ds"],
    summary: "data sets to diff",
    description: "diff the first data set with the second",
    type: "command",
    handler: __dirname + "/DataSets.handler",
    positionals: [
        {
            name: "oldDataSet",
            description: "The old data set",
            type: "string"
        },
        {
            name: "newDataSet",
            description: "The new data set",
            type: "string"
        }
    ],
    profile: {
        optional: ["zosmf"]
    }
};

Copy and paste the following code into the DataSets.handler.ts file:

import { ConnectionPropsForSessCfg, ICommandHandler, IHandlerParameters, ISession, Session } from "@zowe/imperative";
import { DataSetDiff } from "../../../api/DataSetDiff";

export default class DataSetsDiffHandler implements ICommandHandler {
    public async process(params: IHandlerParameters): Promise<void> {
        const sessCfg: ISession = {
            hostname: params.arguments.host,
            port: params.arguments.port,
            basePath: params.arguments.basePath,
            rejectUnauthorized: params.arguments.rejectUnauthorized,
            protocol: params.arguments.protocol || "https"
        };
        const sessCfgWithCreds = await ConnectionPropsForSessCfg.addPropsOrPrompt<ISession>(sessCfg, params.arguments,
            { doPrompting: true, parms: params });
        const session = new Session(sessCfgWithCreds);

        const resp = await DataSetDiff.diff(session, params.arguments.oldDataSet, params.arguments.newDataSet);
        params.response.console.log(resp);
    }
}    

When successful, the Diff.definition.ts, DataSets.definition.ts, and DataSets.handler.ts files contain the new code.

Note: If you are adding multiple commands to your CLI plug-in, consider moving the code that creates a session into a base handler class that can be shared across multiple commands. See the sample plugin code for an example of how this can be done.

To create a unique plug-in: Refer to file names specific to your project. Your code likely follows the same structure, but command name, handler, definition, and other information would differ.

Trying your command

Before you test your new command, confirm that you are able to connect to the mainframe.

In order for the client-side API to reach the mainframe (to fetch data sets), Zowe CLI needs a z/OSMF profile for access. See Using profiles for information.

Once the connection between Zowe CLI and z/OSMF is confirmed, build and install the plug-in before running it for the first time.

Follow these steps:

Repeat the steps in Building your plug-in source.
Issue the zowe plugins install command to install Files Util Plug-in into Zowe CLI.
A success message displays if installed correctly.

Issue the following command (the new Files Util Plug-in command) replacing the data set names with valid mainframe data set names on your system:

zowe files-util diff data-sets "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTADD)" "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTSUB)"

The raw diff output displays as a command response:

$ zowe files-util diff data-sets "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTADD)" "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTSUB)"
===================================================================
--- IBMUSER.REXX(TESTADD)        Old
+++ IBMUSER.REXX(TESTSUB)        New
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* REXX */
-say add(3,2)
+say sub(3,2)
exit
-add:
+sub:
parse arg a,b
-return a + b
+return a - b

When successful, the output displays plain text diffs of the entered data sets.

To create a unique plug-in: Use Step 3 to run your new command. Note that the command is different based on the plug-in name in the src/imperative.ts file.

Bringing together new tools!

You have created a simple CLI plug-in that provides plain text diffs of two data sets. But you may not want to end there.

Depending on the complexity of your changes, it can be difficult to identify data set differences with plain text.

To help fix this, you can extend Files Util Plug-in to create a more visual output. For this tutorial, use diff2html to generate side-by-side diffs that make it easier to compare changes, as seen in the image below.


Diff to HTML by rtfpessoa

Follow these steps:

Run npm install --global diff2html-cli to install diff2html.
Note: Zowe is not associated with diff2html-cli.
To pipe your Zowe CLI plug-in output to diff2html, run the following command with your information:
```
zowe files-util diff data-sets "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTADD)" "IBMUSER.REXX(TESTSUB)" | diff2html -i stdin
```
When successful, this launches a web browser that displays side-by-side diffs using HTML.

For a unique plug-in, consider integrating with more modern tools that make outputs easier to read or manage, or that can use outputs in scripts.

Next steps

Try the Implementing profiles in a plug-in tutorial to learn about defining new profiles with your plug-in.

Developing a new Zowe CLI plug-in

Overview​

Setting up the new sample plug-in project​

Updating package.json​

Adjusting Imperative CLI Framework configuration​

Adding third-party packages​

Creating a Node.js client-side API​

Building your plug-in source​

Creating a Zowe CLI command​

Trying your command​

Bringing together new tools!​

Next steps​

Overview

Setting up the new sample plug-in project

Updating `package.json`

Adjusting Imperative CLI Framework configuration

Adding third-party packages

Creating a Node.js client-side API

Building your plug-in source

Creating a Zowe CLI command

Trying your command

Bringing together new tools!

Next steps